Drugs

May 2010 – all drugs are those substances, natural or synthesized chemically, “capable of causing an artificial state of being, but in the long run cause addiction and dependence with deleterious physical and psychological consequences.” Generally, the different drugs act by altering the mechanisms of transmission of information between cells and by increasing or decreasing the feelings and emotions.

A little ‘history
The term drug has three meanings, identifying spices, medicines and drugs. The first meaning, “seasoned with spices or drugs,” comes from the Asian food very aromatic and has been introduced in Europe around the sixteenth century with the Dutch colonization.

Archaeological excavations in Switzerland have shown the presence of poppy cultivation already in the neolithic age (3200-2600 BC), probably because of widespread nutritional value of oil extracted from its fruits.
The pharmacological significance, already described by Theophrastus (third century BC) and known to Arab physicians of antiquity, appears in Europe in the early nineteenth century, with the introduction of substances in medicine derived from the poppy (opium, hashish ), used as a powerful sedative.

In the twentieth century, following the discovery of the adverse effects associated with the use of these substances, the word became synonymous with drug-drug, triggering feelings “artificial” and whose continued use causes damage to the body.

The different drugs and their effects
Based on the physical effects triggered, the different drugs are classified into six groups
narcotics or drugs: substances which give a feeling of well-being by acting on brain areas that control emotions and pleasure. Chemical compounds are narcotic derived from opium, like morphine, codeine, heroin. Some of these drugs, first of all as morphine, are used in medicine as a painkiller – stimulants: all those substances which increase the attention and energy, decreasing feelings of fatigue and tiredness. Cocaine and its derivative, crack, amphetamines and its chemical derivatives (STP, “Serenity, Tranquility, Peace” or DMA, the “love pill”) fall into this group

sedatives or hypnotic drugs that slow normal brain function, giving an overall calming effect. Sedatives in turn are divided into barbiturates, drugs with hypnotic activity, anticonvulsant and depressive, and benzodiazepines, the so-called anti-anxiety drugs, which affect muscle relaxation and anticonvulsant

Volatile inhalants or drugs: substances that produce vapors which, when inhaled, alter perceptions. These include some solvents, some gases (exhaust gas, ether, chloroform) and some glue

psychedelic drugs like LSD, mescaline, MDMA, causing illusions, that is incorrect interpretations of the images or sounds, accompanied by impaired memory and emotions. The psychedelic drugs are known as hallucinogenic improperly, causing hallucinations, perception of sounds or images do not really exist

derivatives of the plant cannabis marijuana and hashish, which produce a variety of effects, including euphoria, relaxation, disinhibition, accompanied by feelings of slowing of time and attention and a decrease in movement control and memory

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